Selected Articles Authored or Co-Authored by Dr. Don Mackenzie.
Note:
Titles below that are hyperlinked will open the article in PDF format directly from the Abreast In A Boat website.
All articles are linked to the specific reference at the U.S. Library of Medicine via the keyword, "Weblink".
Predictors of supervised exercise adherence during breast cancer chemotherapy.
Courneya KS, Segal RJ, Gelmon K, Reid RD, Mackey JR, Friedenreich CM, Proulx C, Lane K, Ladha AB, Vallance JK, McKenzie DC.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Jun;40(6):1180-7.
PMID: 18460985 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] WebLink
Is there enhanced lymphatic function in upper body trained females? Dolan LB, Lane KN, McKenzie DC.
Lymphat Res Biol. 2008;6(1):29-38.
PMID: 18361768 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] WebLink
Barriers to supervised exercise training in a randomized controlled trial of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Courneya KS, McKenzie DC, Reid RD, Mackey JR, Gelmon K, Friedenreich CM, Ladha AB, Proulx C, Lane K, Vallance JK, Segal RJ.
Ann Behav Med. 2008 Feb;35(1):116-22. Epub 2008 Feb 20.
PMID: 18347912 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] WebLink
Moderators of the effects of exercise training in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Courneya KS, McKenzie DC, Mackey JR, Gelmon K, Reid RD, Friedenreich CM, Ladha AB, Proulx C, Vallance JK, Lane K, Yasui Y, Segal RJ.
Cancer. 2008 Apr 15;112(8):1845-53.
PMID: 18306372 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] WebLink
Resting energy expenditure and body mass changes in women during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Campbell KL, Lane K, Martin AD, Gelmon KA, McKenzie DC.
Cancer Nurs. 2007 Mar-Apr;30(2):95-100.
PMID: 17413774 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] WebLink
Effect of upper extremity exercise on secondary lymphedema in breast cancer patients: a pilot study. McKenzie DC, Kalda AL.
J Clin Oncol. 2003 Feb 1;21(3):463-6.
PMID: 12560436 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] WebLink
Measurement of upper extremity volume in women after axillary dissection for breast cancer. Megens AM, Harris SR, Kim-Sing C, McKenzie DC.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Dec;82(12):1639-44.
PMID: 11733875 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] WebLink
Selected Articles Authored or Co-Authored by Dr. Susan Harris
Note:
Titles below that are hyperlinked will open the article in PDF format directly from the Abreast In A Boat website.
All articles are linked to the specific reference at the U.S. Library of Medicine via the keyword, "Weblink".
Exercise for women with or at risk for breast cancer-related lymphedema.
Bicego D, Brown K, Ruddick M, Storey D, Wong C, Harris SR.
Phys Ther. 2006 Oct;86(10):1398-405. Review. No abstract available. Weblink
Letrozole in breast cancer.
Harris SR.
N Engl J Med. 2004 Feb 12;350(7):727-30; author reply 727-30. No abstract available. Weblink
Satisfaction and anxiety for women during investigation of an abnormal screening mammogram.
Hislop TG, Harris SR, Jackson J, Thorne SE, Rousseau EJ, Coldman AJ, Vestrup JA, Wright CJ, Olivotto IA.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Dec;76(3):245-54. Weblink
Who's listening? Experiences of women with breast cancer in communicating with physicians.
Harris SR, Templeton E.
Breast J. 2001 Nov-Dec;7(6):444-9. Weblink
Measurement of upper extremity volume in women after axillary dissection for breast cancer.
Megens AM, Harris SR, Kim-Sing C, McKenzie DC.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Dec;82(12):1639-44. Weblink
Improving the time to diagnosis after an abnormal screening mammogram.
Olivotto IA, Borugian MJ, Kan L, Harris SR, Rousseau EJ, Thorne SE, Vestrup JA, Wright CJ, Coldman AJ, Hislop TG.
Can J Public Health. 2001 Sep-Oct;92(5):366-71. Weblink
The Experience of Waiting for Diagnosis After an Abnormal Mammogram.
Thorne SE, Harris SR, Hislop TG, Vestrup JA.
Breast J. 1999 Jan;5(1):42-51. Weblink
Challenging the myth of exercise-induced lymphedema following breast cancer: a series of case reports.
Harris SR, Niesen-Vertommen SL.
J Surg Oncol. 2000 Jun;74(2):95-8; discussion 98-9. Weblink
Physical therapist management of lymphedema following treatment for breast cancer: a critical review of its effectiveness.
Megens A, Harris SR.
Phys Ther. 1998 Dec;78(12):1302-11. Review. Weblink
Miscellaneous Articles
Note:
Titles below that are hyperlinked will open the article in PDF format directly from the Abreast In A Boat website.
All articles are linked to the specific reference at the U.S. Library of Medicine via the keyword, "Weblink".
Exercise interventions for cancer patients: systematic review of controlled trials.
Stevinson C, Lawlor DA, Fox KR.
Cancer Causes Control. 2004 Dec;15(10):1035-56. Review. Weblink
The development of an evidence-based physical self-management rehabilitation programme for cancer survivors.
van Weert E, Hoekstra-Weebers JE, May AM, Korstjens I, Ros WJ, van der Schans CP.
Patient Educ Couns. 2008 May;71(2):169-90. Epub 2008 Feb 5. Review. Weblink
Cost-effectiveness of using prognostic information to select women with breast cancer for adjuvant systemic therapy.
Williams C, Brunskill S, Altman D, Briggs A, Campbell H, Clarke M, Glanville J, Gray A, Harris A, Johnston K, Lodge M.
Health Technol Assess. 2006 Sep;10(34):iii-iv, ix-xi, 1-204. Review Weblink
Exercise for breast cancer survival: the effect on cancer risk and cancer-related fatigue (CRF).
Hewitt JA, Mokbel K, van Someren KA, Jewell AP, Garrod R.
Int J Fertil Womens Med. 2005 Sep-Oct;50(5 Pt 1):231-9. Review. Weblink
Fatigue and quality of life outcomes of exercise during cancer treatment.
Mock V, Pickett M, Ropka ME, Muscari Lin E, Stewart KJ, Rhodes VA, McDaniel R, Grimm PM, Krumm S, McCorkle R.
Cancer Pract. 2001 May-Jun;9(3):119-27. Weblink
Quality of life after breast conservation or mastectomy: a systematic review.
Irwig L, Bennetts A.
Aust N Z J Surg. 1997 Nov;67(11):750-4. Weblink
Health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients: a bibliographic review of the literature from 1974 to 2007.
Montazeri A.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Aug 29;27:32. Review.
Weblink
Breast cancer, pregnancy, and breastfeeding.
Helewa M, Lévesque P, Provencher D, Lea RH, Rosolowich V, Shapiro HM; Breast Disease Committee and Executive Committeee and Council, Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2002 Feb;24(2):164-80; quiz 181-4. English, French.
Weblink
Methods of communicating a primary diagnosis of breast cancer to patients.
Lockhart K, Dosser I, Cruickshank S, Kennedy C.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18;(3):CD006011. Review.
Weblink
High dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy for women with early poor prognosis breast cancer.
Farquhar C, Basser R, Marjoribanks J, Lethaby A.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):CD003139. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(3):CD003139.
Weblink
Preventive health care, 1999 update: 3. Follow-up after breast cancer. Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.
Temple LK, Wang EE, McLeod RS.
CMAJ. 1999 Oct 19;161(8):1001-8.
Weblink
High dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy for women with metastatic breast cancer.
Farquhar C, Marjoribanks J, Basser R, Hetrick S, Lethaby A.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Jul 20;(3):CD003142. Review.
Weblink
Progressive high-intensity resistance training and bone mineral density changes among premenopausal women: evidence of discordant site-specific skeletal effects.
Martyn-St James M, Carroll S.
Sports Med. 2006;36(8):683-704. Review.
Weblink
Progressive resistance training in breast cancer: a systematic review of clinical trials.
Cheema B, Gaul CA, Lane K, Fiatarone Singh MA.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008 May;109(1):9-26. Epub 2007 Jul 12. Review.
Weblink
Breast Cancer-related News feed from the "MedPage Today" website
RSS feed provides access to current articles related to Breast Cancer. Scroll down in the pink window below to view current topics.
Hospital to get breakthrough breast cancer technology
Fundraiser nets detection device for Mount Saint Joseph
vancouversun.com Wed 22 Oct 2008
Section: Westcoast News
By: Denise Ryan
Breakthrough technology in breast cancer detection will soon be available at Vancouver's Mount Saint Joseph Hospital. Digital tomosynthesis mammography will be especially beneficial to the Asian population, many of whom have high-density breast tissue.
"Digital tomosynthesis mammography is more than an evolution. It's a revolution." said Dr. Richard Lee, staff radiologist at Mount Saint Joseph. This will be the first time the technology is available in Canada, said Lee, who hopes to have the digital machinery with the tomosynthesis software in place and serving patients by early next year.
At Mount Saint Joseph, about 70 per cent of Dr. Lee's patients are of Asian origin. "Because of the higher density breast tissue, it's much harder to detect." Women with dense breast tissue have a 400-to-600-per-cent greater risk of developing breast cancer, said Ann Corrigan, CEO of Tapestry Foundation.
The foundation successfully fundraised to purchase the technology for the hospital after Mount Saint Joseph identified the machine as one that would "best serve the Asian community."
The advantage of the technology is that it allows three-dimensional or "slice imaging" of the breast tissue and takes multiple images of the breast tissue from many angles. Traditional mammography provides two X-ray views, Lee said, top to bottom and side to side. The resulting images are processed on film, and typically lose some quality through the processing.
Digital mammography is a diagnostic improvement, because the film processing step is eliminated. Tomosynthesis takes the digital process a giant leap forward. It works with digital mammography machinery and provides 15 to 20 images using a moving X-ray beam that creates three-dimensional views.
Tomosynthesis imaging will "slice the bread up," he said. "We can piece it away slice by slice until we isolate the slice with the rice grain." The tomosynthesis software will allow the digital technology to view the breast tissue from many angles, reducing confusion between benign and malignant tissue, Lee said. There will be a reduction in false positives and a reduction in unnecessary biopsies, reducing anxiety for patients. In addition, Lee said, less compression of the breast is required, making the procedure more comfortable for patients.
Although the technology has not yet been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States, or by Health Canada, Lee said, "Tomosynthesis is poised to dominate breast cancer detection from next year onwards."
Medical Information
Articles about the medical history of
Abreast In A Boat in the Canadian Medical Association Journal: August
1998 | September
2002
Lymphedema is
an obvious concern and for this reason compression sleeves are
strongly recommended for all paddlers. We suggest that these should
be worn at every workout. The first portion of each training session
emphasizes flexibility and this is followed by specific resistance
exercises to develop strength in the upper arm, back and shoulder
areas. These activities prepare you for the paddling activities.
There is likely a higher risk of developing lymphedema during
this initial phase of increased activity, relative to the paddling
phase. We cannot emphasize enough, the need to progress in a slow,
gradual fashion.
Too rapid an increase
in any activity is the main factor in the development of musculoskeletal
injury or a change in your lymphedema status. By introducing paddling
with low intensity but a progressive fashion, we gradually improve
the ability of the upper extremity to do more intense exercise.
It is the graduated focus of the program that allows adaptation
to this activity. We do have an excellent track record in avoiding
lymphedema and there are some very good reasons to believe that
a supervised, graded exercise program is an important part of
the prevention or treatment of this condition
Articles about the medical history of Abreast In A Boat in the Canadian Medical Association Journal. August 1998(full article in pdf)
October 1996(abstract only)
Exercise & Breast Cancer
Why the Dragon Boat Experience
is Important for Women Living with Breast Cancer
by team member Susan
Harris
Approximately 2 million women
in North American are currently living with breast cancer. As part
of the medical management of this disease, the vast majority of these
women had had lymph nodes surgically removed from their underarms
in a procedure known as axillary dissection. The goal of that procedure
is to find out if the cancer has spread to the lymphatic system. Many
of these women have also undergone radiation therapy to the breast
and/or underarm. These two procedures dramatically increase a woman's
risk of developing chronic lymphedema - a permanent, irreversible
and sometimes incapacitating swelling of the involved arm and chest
area. Lymphedema can develop at any time following breast cancer surgery
- from within one month after treatment to 30 years later.
Well-meaning physicians and
physiotherapists often caution these women to refrain from lifting more
than 10-15 pounds with the involved upper extremity; to avoid certain
sports, such as canoeing, water-skiing and specific swimming strokes,
such as breast stroke or butterfly; and to refrain from repetitive activities,
such a knitting or raking. The "contra-indications": limit both the
quality and enjoyment of life for women who otherwise feel and look
quite healthy - and there is, as yet, no research to suggest whether
or not these activities actually lead to lymphedema.
Dragon boat racing is a very
strenuous, repetitive physical activity that stresses the muscles of
the trunk and upper extremities. To prepare for this activity, the coaches
for Abreast In A Boat (a sports medicine physician, a physiotherapist
and a nurse) outlined a six-week, three-pronged training program for
the Team members – including stretching, progressive upper extremity
strength training and aerobic exercises - to be carried out in advance
of our training in the dragon boats themselves. In addition, some of
the women were measured for and wore special compression sleeves on
their involved arms to minimize the threat of lymphedema.
To assess whether arm swelling
was occurring, arm circumference measurements were taken for all team
members prior to beginning the on-water training mid-way through the
six-week training, and just before the final races. Two team members
with pre-existing lymphedema were also monitored carefully in this manner.
Not only did Abreast In A
Boat (the only all-women's team in the Novice Division and probably
the only team with five grandmothers!) make a very respectable showing
at the World Championship Dragon Boat Festival in Vancouver in June,
1996, but we were also awarded the David C. Lam Award for our community/team
spirit.
Furthermore, not one woman
on the team showed any ill effects from this very strenuous sport. There
were no increases in arm circumferences (i.e. no lymphedema for the
women without previous problems and there were no adverse changes in
the women who had pre-existing lymphedema) 1. To quote Dr.
Don McKenzie, sports medicine physician and exercise physiologist at
the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre at the University of British
Columbia and the originator and driving force behind this unique team:
"It was a small medical miracle...these
women demonstrated the benefits of exercise, both physically and emotionally,
in their success at dragon boat racing." 2
'The "success" of our dragon boat adventure sends a loud and clear
message to the millions of women currently living with breast cancer
- that you can partake in a fun-filled and strenuous athletic activity,
providing you undergo progressive exercise training prior to competition'. 3 It is our dream to spread this good news message by competing
in other dragon boat races throughout the world and by challenging
other breast cancer survivors to compete against us, thus sharing
the true camaraderie and joie de vivre we have experienced as the
first-ever dragon boat team composed entirely of breast cancer survivors.
Harris SR, Niesen-Vertommen
SL. Challenging the myth of exercise- induced lymphedema in breast
cancer: A series of case reports. Journal of Surgical Oncology.
2000;74:95-99
McKenzie DC. Abreast In
A Boat - A race against breast cancer. Canadian Medical Association
Journal. 1998;159:376-378.
Harris SR, Hugi M, Olivotto I, & Levine M. Clinical practice guidelines
for the care and treatment of breast cancer. 11. Lymphedema. Canadian
Medical Association Journal. 2001; 164:191-199.
Susan
Harris is a physiotherapist and Professor in the School of Rehabilitation
Sciences at the University of British Columbia. Since her initial breast
cancer diagnosis in 1994, Susan has become an avid researcher in examining
safe levels of exercise for women living with breast cancer. She is
the primary author of the recently published clinical guidelines on
management of breast cancer-related lymphedema in the Canadian Medical
Association Journal ( January 2001 ). As part of the Dragon Boat experience,
Susan has greatly enjoyed watching "the joy of training and competing
with many women who were previously non-athletes".
Exercise Training Manual
(pages 16-25 of the AIAB Team Manual)
Articles about the medical history of Abreast In A Boat in the Canadian Medical Association Journal. August 1998(full article in pdf)
October 1996(abstract only)
